What is the primary function of the cladding in a fiber cable?

The primary function of the cladding in a fiber optic cable is to reflect light back into the core. The cladding is made of a material that has a lower refractive index than the core, which helps to maintain total internal reflection. This reflection allows the light signals that travel along the core to remain contained within it, minimizing loss of signal strength and maximizing the efficiency of data transmission over distances. This principle is fundamental to the operation of fiber optic technology, ensuring that light pulses can travel through the fiber with minimal attenuation.

While the cladding does contribute to some structural aspects of the cable's integrity, its essential role is specifically in the reflection of light, facilitating the effective transmission of signals. The other functions mentioned, such as insulation and enhancing signal strength, are not the primary roles of the cladding, which distinctly focuses on maintaining the path of the light signals within the core.